These are the eight basic knots that all scouts should be able to tie without even thinking twice.
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Square (or Reef) Knot
Used to bind a package or bundle.
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Sheet Bend
Used to join two ropes together, which may be of unequal thickness.
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Bowline
Used to make a non-slipping loop
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Clove Hitch
used to start a lashing, or otherwise loosely attach a rope to a pole.
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Sheep Shank
Used to temporarily shorten a rope, or isolate a weak portion of rope.
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Two Half Hitches
Used to attach a rope to a pole or guy point. Must be securely tightened.
NOTE: This is how scouts are taught the knot. An improved version includes an extra turn around the pole to add security, and is called a "Round Turn with Two Half-Hitches."
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Taut-Line Hitch
Used as a hitch, which may be drawn up away from what it is looped around to tighten a line. Click image for animation
Timber Hitch
Used to attach a rope to a log for dragging. Click image for animation